Packen und Entpacken (Linux): Unterschied zwischen den Versionen
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== Packen == | == Packen == | ||
=== Verzeichnis packen === | |||
Unlike <code>zip</code>, <code>gzip</code> functions as a compression algorithm ''only''. | Unlike <code>zip</code>, <code>gzip</code> functions as a compression algorithm ''only''. | ||
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<code>gunzip < archive.tar.gz | tar -xv</code> | <code>gunzip < archive.tar.gz | tar -xv</code> | ||
<code>tar</code> has many, many, MANY other options and uses as well; I heartily recommend reading through its manpage sometime. | <code>tar</code> has many, many, MANY other options and uses as well; I heartily recommend reading through its manpage sometime. | ||
tar -zcvf archive-name.tar.gz directory-name | |||
== Entpacken == | == Entpacken == | ||
=== tar === | |||
tar xfv foo.tar.gz | tar xfv foo.tar.gz | ||
tar -xjf foo.tar.bz2 | tar -xjf foo.tar.bz2 | ||
tar -xvJf foo.tar.xy | tar -xvJf foo.tar.xy | ||
tar -xvJf foo.tar.xz | tar -xvJf foo.tar.xz | ||
=== bzip === | |||
bunzip2 foo.tar.bz2 | bunzip2 foo.tar.bz2 | ||
=== zip === | |||
unzip foo.zip | |||
[[Kategorie:Linux]] | |||
[[Kategorie:Terminal]] | |||
Aktuelle Version vom 10. September 2017, 12:01 Uhr
Packen
Verzeichnis packen
Unlike zip, gzip functions as a compression algorithm only.
Because of various reasons some of which hearken back to the era of tape drives, Unix uses a program named tar to archive data, which can then be compressed with a compression program like gzip, bzip2, 7zip, etc.
In order to "zip" a directory, the correct command would be
tar -zcvf archive.tar.gz directory/
This will tell tar to c (create) an archive from the files in directory (tar is recursive by default), compress it using the z (gzip) algorithm, store the output as a f (file) named archive.tar.gz, and v(verbosely) list (on /dev/stderr so it doesn't affect piped commands) all the files it adds to the archive.
The tar command offers gzip support (via the -z flag) purely for your convenience. The gzipcommand/lib is completely separate. The command above is effectively the same as
tar -cv directory | gzip > archive.tar.gz
To decompress and unpack the archive into the current directory you would use
tar -zxvf archive.tar.gz
That command is effectively the same as
gunzip < archive.tar.gz | tar -xv
tar has many, many, MANY other options and uses as well; I heartily recommend reading through its manpage sometime.
tar -zcvf archive-name.tar.gz directory-name
Entpacken
tar
tar xfv foo.tar.gz tar -xjf foo.tar.bz2 tar -xvJf foo.tar.xy tar -xvJf foo.tar.xz
bzip
bunzip2 foo.tar.bz2
zip
unzip foo.zip
